Rough surfaces promote particle bonding during high-speed collision

HY Yao and JQ Hu, SURFACES AND INTERFACES, 73, 107619 (2025).

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107619

This study investigates the role of surface roughness in enhancing particle bonding during high-speed collisions. Contrary to classical quasi-static adhesive contact mechanics that generally suggests smooth surfaces facilitate better contact, our findings reveal that rough surfaces can significantly promote adhesion under high-speed collisions. We utilized molecular dynamics simulations to probe the adhesion mechanisms, with a focus on the interplay between surface roughness and interfacial adhesion. Our simulations indicate that the intricate geometries of rough surface create additional contact points and generate mechanical interlocking, enhancing particle bonding probability under high-speed collisions. Particularly, we established critical velocities associated with interfacial adhesion and surface roughness, leading to the development of an analytical model that integrates simulation data. These insights not only deepen the fundamental understanding of particle bonding dynamics but also have implications for industrial applications in materials science, coatings, and tribology, where surface characteristics are crucial for performance.

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