Leveraging large language models in next generation intelligent manufacturing: Retrospect and prospect

YF Ma and S Zheng and Z Yang and P Zheng and JW Leng and J Hong, JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS, 82, 809-840 (2025).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2025.07.019

Industry 5.0, as the guiding ideology of the new generation intelligent manufacturing, points the way for global industrial transformation. It emphasizes the collaborative cooperation between humans, machines and intelligent systems, and places humans at the core of the industrial production process, aiming to create a more flexible, personalized and sustainable production paradigm. Large language model, as an advanced natural language processing technology, has received attention from researchers related to Industry 5.0 due to its ease of use and powerful language processing capability. LLM is considered to be one of the key enabling technologies to drive the development of Industry 5.0 and has great application potential. After a rigorous review of existing approaches, we find there is few existing survey papers that focuses on how LLM will drive the development of Industry 5.0 applications. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the application of LLM in the field of Industry 5.0. Firstly, we conduct a literature review to explore the current state of research related to Industry 5.0. Subsequently, we analyze LLM-based technologies, synergizing LLMs with Industry 5.0 enablers and the applications of LLM in various domains of intelligent manufacturing. Finally, we explore the challenges of LLM in real-world scenarios and future research directions in the context of Industry 5.0. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the further development of LLM-based solutions in the context of Industry 5.0 and unite various efforts to achieve the vision of Industry 5.0.

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