Efficient perovskite/silicon tandem with asymmetric self-assembly molecule

LB Jia and SM Xia and J Li and Y Qin and BB Pei and L Ding and J Yin and T Du and Z Fang and Y Yin and J Liu and Y Yang and F Zhang and XY Wu and QY Li and SS Zhao and H Zhang and QB Li and Q Jia and C Liu and XB Gu and B Liu and X Dong and J Liu and T Liu and YJ Gao and M Yang and S Yin and XN Ru and H Chen and B Yang and ZL Zheng and WC Zhou and MF Dou and SM Wang and S Gao and L Chen and MH Qu and JX Lu and L Fang and YC Wang and H Deng and J Yu and XH Zhang and MH Li and XT Lang and CX Xiao and Q Hu and CW Xue and LY Ning and YC He and ZG Li and XX Xu and B He, NATURE, 644, 912-+ (2025).

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09333-z

Achieving highly ordered and uniformly covered self-assembled monolayers with optimal packing configuration on textured silicon substrates remains a critical challenge for further improving the efficiency of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells(1, 2-3). Here we design an asymmetric self-assembled monolayer (named as HTL201) featuring an anchoring group and a spacer flanking a carbazole core, serving as a hole-selective layer for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. When compared with symmetric self-assembled monolayers with a nitrogen-bonded phosphonic acid group, the HTL201 molecule shows minimized steric hindrance and improved coverage on the transparent conductive oxide recombination layer. The strong coordination interaction between HTL201 and the perovskite film effectively reduces non-radiative recombination at the buried interface. Notably, the optimized energy-level alignment between the perovskite and HTL201, accompanied by an increase in the quasi-Fermi-level splitting value of the perovskite layer, enables an impressive voltage of nearly 2V for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, resulting in a certified power conversion efficiency of up to 34.58% based on a silicon heterojunction solar cell.

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