Investigating the Effect of Nanoparticle Volume Fraction on the Atomic and Thermal Behavior of Argon/Copper Nanofluid in a Platinum Nanochannel Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Z Abdellahi and S Yaghoubi, ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (2025).

DOI: 10.1007/s13369-025-10234-6

The behavior of a nanofluid composed of argon gas and copper nanoparticles confined within a platinum nanochannel was investigated in this study using molecular dynamics. While there is a significant amount of research on nanofluids, gas-phase nanofluids are less well understood, particularly in nanoscale confinements, where atomic-scale interactions are significant in thermal transfer. Gases introduce varying challenges and benefits to the description of heat transfer and entail isolated atom-level phenomena. In order to gain a better understanding of nanoscale heat transfer phenomena, this paper typically investigated the impact of varying copper nanoparticle volume fractions of 1% to 4% on significant thermophysical properties. Moreover, the research tried to determine the heat behavior of the nanofluid by investigating the manner in which heat was transferred and propagated within the restricted system. The results indicate that the original atomic sample achieved equilibrium at 300 K during the simulation. The simulated system's stability was indicated by the total energy of argon/copper nanoparticle structure at - 57,869.6 eV in the state of equilibrium. The results reveal that with increasing volume fraction of NP from 0 to 2%, the Maximum-V increases from 0.40541 to 1.28428 & Aring;/ps. And TC increased from 0.0011 to 0.0272 W/m.K. Finally, HF experienced a substantial increase, increasing from 3.453 to 15.304 MW/m2, as the volume fraction of Cu-NP's increased to 2%. The significance of nanoparticle concentration in refining thermal performance was underscored by the increased HT capability of the nanofluid as the volume fraction of NP increased. These results demonstrate the optimal balance between the promotion of heat transfer and the concentration of copper nanoparticles prior to saturation. The work contributed to the comprehension of gas-based nanofluids in confined channels and provided technical guidance for the development of thermal management applications in nanoscale devices, including microelectronics cooling and highly efficient heat exchangers.

Return to Publications page