Harnessing Bifunctional Nitrogen-Dislocation Interactions for a Record Ultra-Strong-and-Ductile Duplex Titanium Alloy

CL Zhang and XZ Li and SZ Li and JY Zhang and G Liu and J Sun, ADVANCED SCIENCE, 12, e02349 (2025).

DOI: 10.1002/advs.202502349

Duplex (alpha+beta) Ti alloys often manifest limited uniform elongation (epsilon(u)) mainly originating from the lack of dislocations for insufficient work hardening capability and semi-coherent alpha/beta interfaces for strain incompatibility. The strength-ductility trade-off of duplex Ti alloys is further amplified by interstitial atoms-poisoning effects (e.g., N and O). Here, by selecting N atoms with the strongest hardening ability in Ti alloys, a counterintuitive strategy is proposed that harnesses bifunctional N-dislocation interactions in a model duplex Ti-Cr-Zr-Al alloy to construct a heterogeneous lamella structure, involving the elongated alpha(p) grains decorated with N-rich low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and densely coherent interstitial-N alpha '-nanotwinned martensites in beta-grains. This structural heterogeneity achieves extremely high yield/tensile strength of approximate to 1532/1869 MPa in our alloys, which in turn promotes the emission of massive dislocations from N-rich LAGBs and coherent interfaces through stress-activated bow-out and cross-slip processes for relatively large epsilon(u) approximate to 10.2%. This work thus opens an avenue, via bifunctional interstitial atom-dislocation interactions, to construct a unique microstructure, toward ultrahigh strength and large ductility in interstitial-strengthening Ti alloys.

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