Molecular dynamics simulation of thermal parameters of Fe3O4-H2O magnetic nanofluids under vertical magnetic field perturbation in microchannel

RH Zhang and N Xu and XY Cao and CL Wei and S Qing and Y He, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, 61, 42 (2025).

DOI: 10.1007/s00231-025-03565-5

Magnetic nanofluids (MNF) hold promise for advanced thermal management, yet the atomic-scale effects of vertical magnetic fields in microchannels remain underexplored. In this study, the thermal parameters of Fe3O4-H2O MNF under the effect of magnetic field in the channel are investigated by molecular dynamics simulation (MD), focusing on the unique thermal effects induced by the magnetic field influence. Key physical parameters within the microchannel structure are analyzed, including atomic potential energy, radial distribution function (RDF), mean square displacement (MSD), number density and temperature profiles. Under a magnetic field force of 0.009 kcal/(mol& Aring;), the peak temperature of the nanofluid increased by 51.45%, from 250.86 K to 379.93 K, demonstrating the field's significant role in enhancing thermal energy transfer. The mean atomic potential energy peaked at 388.049 kcal/mol-a rise of 11.9% relative to no-field conditions- highlighting the magnetic modulation of the system's internal energy landscape. The research addresses a critical gap regarding the effects of magnetic field modulation on MNF, particularly within microchannel configurations, and provides foundational data for the advancement of efficient heat transfer systems.

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