A Holey 2D MoS2-Based Membrane with Mo-Rich Edges for Water Desalination

B Mondal and S Rathnakumaran and A Chakraborty and P Chettiyankandy and P Srikrishnarka and MR Islam and JS Kumar and R Kumar and S Bose and S Kunnikuruvan and T Pradeep, ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS, 8, 23814-23823 (2025).

DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.5c05244

Developing thin-film composite membranes that simultaneously exhibit high water permeability and ion rejection (IR) remains a persistent challenge in desalination research. Here, we report the fabrication of polyamide (PA) membranes embedded with holey molybdenum disulfide nanosheets via controlled interfacial polymerization. The introduction of nanoscale Mo-rich pores within MoS2 provides low-friction water transport channels, while maintaining effective ion exclusion. Systematic optimization of interfacial polymerization conditions- specifically monomer contact time of 60 s each and nanosheet loading of 0.01 wt % resulted in an optimal water flux (WF) of similar to 96 L m(-2) h(-1) and IR of similar to 99.4%, outperforming both pristine PA and nonporous MoS2-based membranes. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that water molecules align preferentially along hydrophilic Mo- edge sites, forming ordered, high-density transport channels responsible for the observed flux enhancement. Together, the experimental and computational results establish holey MoS2-embedded PA membranes as a promising platform for next-generation nanofiltration and desalination technologies.

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