Enhanced high-temperature energy storage performances in polymer dielectrics by synergistically optimizing band-gap and polarization of dipolar glass

MZ Yang and WB Ren and ZH Jin and EX Xu and Y Shen, NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 15, 8647 (2024).

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52791-8

Polymer dielectrics play an irreplaceable role in electrostatic capacitors in modern electrical systems, and have been intensively studied with their polarization and breakdown strength (E-b) optimized for high discharged energy density (U-d) at elevated temperatures. Small molecules have been explored as fillers, yet they deteriorate thermal stability of matrix which limits their optimal loading to similar to 1 wt%. Herein, we develop a polymer blend dielectric consisting of common polyimide and a bifunctional dipolar glass polymer which are synthesized from two small molecule components with wide band-gap and large dipole moment. The bifunctional dipolar glass with large molecular weight not only maintains thermal stability of polymer blends even at a high loading of 10 wt%, but also induces substantial enhancement in polarization and Eb than any of individual components does, achieving an ultrahigh Ud of 8.34 J cm(-3) (150 degrees C) and 6.21 J cm(-3) (200 degrees C) with a charge-discharge efficiency of 90%.

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